diff --git a/fs/hugetlbfs/inode.c b/fs/hugetlbfs/inode.c
index 2e9e5bdd5629..9783723e8ffe 100644
--- a/fs/hugetlbfs/inode.c
+++ b/fs/hugetlbfs/inode.c
@@ -504,7 +504,7 @@ static struct inode *hugetlbfs_get_inode(struct super_block *sb, uid_t uid,
 		inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime = CURRENT_TIME;
 		INIT_LIST_HEAD(&inode->i_mapping->private_list);
 		info = HUGETLBFS_I(inode);
-		mpol_shared_policy_init(&info->policy, MPOL_DEFAULT, 0, NULL);
+		mpol_shared_policy_init(&info->policy, NULL);
 		switch (mode & S_IFMT) {
 		default:
 			init_special_inode(inode, mode, dev);
diff --git a/include/linux/mempolicy.h b/include/linux/mempolicy.h
index dcc17378c952..3a39570b81b8 100644
--- a/include/linux/mempolicy.h
+++ b/include/linux/mempolicy.h
@@ -182,8 +182,7 @@ struct shared_policy {
 	spinlock_t lock;
 };
 
-void mpol_shared_policy_init(struct shared_policy *info, unsigned short mode,
-				unsigned short flags, nodemask_t *nodes);
+void mpol_shared_policy_init(struct shared_policy *sp, struct mempolicy *mpol);
 int mpol_set_shared_policy(struct shared_policy *info,
 				struct vm_area_struct *vma,
 				struct mempolicy *new);
@@ -216,10 +215,10 @@ int do_migrate_pages(struct mm_struct *mm,
 
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_TMPFS
-extern int mpol_parse_str(char *str, unsigned short *mode,
-			unsigned short *mode_flags, nodemask_t *policy_nodes);
+extern int mpol_parse_str(char *str, struct mempolicy **mpol, int no_context);
 
-extern int mpol_to_str(char *buffer, int maxlen, struct mempolicy *pol);
+extern int mpol_to_str(char *buffer, int maxlen, struct mempolicy *pol,
+			int no_context);
 #endif
 #else
 
@@ -262,8 +261,8 @@ static inline int mpol_set_shared_policy(struct shared_policy *info,
 	return -EINVAL;
 }
 
-static inline void mpol_shared_policy_init(struct shared_policy *info,
-		unsigned short mode, unsigned short flags, nodemask_t *nodes)
+static inline void mpol_shared_policy_init(struct shared_policy *sp,
+						struct mempolicy *mpol)
 {
 }
 
@@ -322,13 +321,14 @@ static inline void check_highest_zone(int k)
 }
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_TMPFS
-static inline int mpol_parse_str(char *value, unsigned short *policy,
-				unsigned short flags, nodemask_t *policy_nodes)
+static inline int mpol_parse_str(char *str, struct mempolicy **mpol,
+				int no_context)
 {
-	return 1;
+	return 1;	/* error */
 }
 
-static inline int mpol_to_str(char *buffer, int maxlen, struct mempolicy *pol)
+static inline int mpol_to_str(char *buffer, int maxlen, struct mempolicy *pol,
+				int no_context)
 {
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/include/linux/shmem_fs.h b/include/linux/shmem_fs.h
index d7699a628d78..f2d12d5a21b8 100644
--- a/include/linux/shmem_fs.h
+++ b/include/linux/shmem_fs.h
@@ -34,9 +34,7 @@ struct shmem_sb_info {
 	uid_t uid;		    /* Mount uid for root directory */
 	gid_t gid;		    /* Mount gid for root directory */
 	mode_t mode;		    /* Mount mode for root directory */
-	unsigned short policy;	    /* Default NUMA memory alloc policy */
-	unsigned short flags;	    /* Optional mempolicy flags */
-	nodemask_t policy_nodes;    /* nodemask for preferred and bind */
+	struct mempolicy *mpol;     /* default memory policy for mappings */
 };
 
 static inline struct shmem_inode_info *SHMEM_I(struct inode *inode)
diff --git a/mm/mempolicy.c b/mm/mempolicy.c
index 6b751565eed1..a37a5034f63d 100644
--- a/mm/mempolicy.c
+++ b/mm/mempolicy.c
@@ -1828,27 +1828,35 @@ static int shared_policy_replace(struct shared_policy *sp, unsigned long start,
 	return 0;
 }
 
-void mpol_shared_policy_init(struct shared_policy *info, unsigned short policy,
-			unsigned short flags, nodemask_t *policy_nodes)
+/**
+ * mpol_shared_policy_init - initialize shared policy for inode
+ * @sp: pointer to inode shared policy
+ * @mpol:  struct mempolicy to install
+ *
+ * Install non-NULL @mpol in inode's shared policy rb-tree.
+ * On entry, the current task has a reference on a non-NULL @mpol.
+ * This must be released on exit.
+ */
+void mpol_shared_policy_init(struct shared_policy *sp, struct mempolicy *mpol)
 {
-	info->root = RB_ROOT;
-	spin_lock_init(&info->lock);
+	sp->root = RB_ROOT;		/* empty tree == default mempolicy */
+	spin_lock_init(&sp->lock);
 
-	if (policy != MPOL_DEFAULT) {
-		struct mempolicy *newpol;
+	if (mpol) {
+		struct vm_area_struct pvma;
+		struct mempolicy *new;
 
-		/* Falls back to NULL policy [MPOL_DEFAULT] on any error */
-		newpol = mpol_new(policy, flags, policy_nodes);
-		if (!IS_ERR(newpol)) {
-			/* Create pseudo-vma that contains just the policy */
-			struct vm_area_struct pvma;
+		/* contextualize the tmpfs mount point mempolicy */
+		new = mpol_new(mpol->mode, mpol->flags, &mpol->w.user_nodemask);
+		mpol_put(mpol);	/* drop our ref on sb mpol */
+		if (IS_ERR(new))
+			return;		/* no valid nodemask intersection */
 
-			memset(&pvma, 0, sizeof(struct vm_area_struct));
-			/* Policy covers entire file */
-			pvma.vm_end = TASK_SIZE;
-			mpol_set_shared_policy(info, &pvma, newpol);
-			mpol_put(newpol);
-		}
+		/* Create pseudo-vma that contains just the policy */
+		memset(&pvma, 0, sizeof(struct vm_area_struct));
+		pvma.vm_end = TASK_SIZE;	/* policy covers entire file */
+		mpol_set_shared_policy(sp, &pvma, new); /* adds ref */
+		mpol_put(new);			/* drop initial ref */
 	}
 }
 
@@ -1962,18 +1970,27 @@ static const char * const policy_types[] =
 /**
  * mpol_parse_str - parse string to mempolicy
  * @str:  string containing mempolicy to parse
- * @mode:  pointer to returned policy mode
- * @mode_flags:  pointer to returned flags
- * @policy_nodes:  pointer to returned nodemask
+ * @mpol:  pointer to struct mempolicy pointer, returned on success.
+ * @no_context:  flag whether to "contextualize" the mempolicy
  *
  * Format of input:
  *	<mode>[=<flags>][:<nodelist>]
  *
- * Currently only used for tmpfs/shmem mount options
+ * if @no_context is true, save the input nodemask in w.user_nodemask in
+ * the returned mempolicy.  This will be used to "clone" the mempolicy in
+ * a specific context [cpuset] at a later time.  Used to parse tmpfs mpol
+ * mount option.  Note that if 'static' or 'relative' mode flags were
+ * specified, the input nodemask will already have been saved.  Saving
+ * it again is redundant, but safe.
+ *
+ * On success, returns 0, else 1
  */
-int mpol_parse_str(char *str, unsigned short *mode, unsigned short *mode_flags,
-			nodemask_t *policy_nodes)
+int mpol_parse_str(char *str, struct mempolicy **mpol, int no_context)
 {
+	struct mempolicy *new = NULL;
+	unsigned short uninitialized_var(mode);
+	unsigned short uninitialized_var(mode_flags);
+	nodemask_t nodes;
 	char *nodelist = strchr(str, ':');
 	char *flags = strchr(str, '=');
 	int i;
@@ -1982,26 +1999,30 @@ int mpol_parse_str(char *str, unsigned short *mode, unsigned short *mode_flags,
 	if (nodelist) {
 		/* NUL-terminate mode or flags string */
 		*nodelist++ = '\0';
-		if (nodelist_parse(nodelist, *policy_nodes))
+		if (nodelist_parse(nodelist, nodes))
 			goto out;
-		if (!nodes_subset(*policy_nodes, node_states[N_HIGH_MEMORY]))
+		if (!nodes_subset(nodes, node_states[N_HIGH_MEMORY]))
 			goto out;
-	}
+	} else
+		nodes_clear(nodes);
+
 	if (flags)
 		*flags++ = '\0';	/* terminate mode string */
 
 	for (i = 0; i <= MPOL_LOCAL; i++) {
 		if (!strcmp(str, policy_types[i])) {
-			*mode = i;
+			mode = i;
 			break;
 		}
 	}
 	if (i > MPOL_LOCAL)
 		goto out;
 
-	switch (*mode) {
+	switch (mode) {
 	case MPOL_PREFERRED:
-		/* Insist on a nodelist of one node only */
+		/*
+		 * Insist on a nodelist of one node only
+		 */
 		if (nodelist) {
 			char *rest = nodelist;
 			while (isdigit(*rest))
@@ -2010,63 +2031,73 @@ int mpol_parse_str(char *str, unsigned short *mode, unsigned short *mode_flags,
 				err = 0;
 		}
 		break;
-	case MPOL_BIND:
-		/* Insist on a nodelist */
-		if (nodelist)
-			err = 0;
-		break;
 	case MPOL_INTERLEAVE:
 		/*
 		 * Default to online nodes with memory if no nodelist
 		 */
 		if (!nodelist)
-			*policy_nodes = node_states[N_HIGH_MEMORY];
+			nodes = node_states[N_HIGH_MEMORY];
 		err = 0;
 		break;
-	default:
+	case MPOL_LOCAL:
 		/*
-		 * MPOL_DEFAULT or MPOL_LOCAL
-		 * Don't allow a nodelist nor flags
+		 * Don't allow a nodelist;  mpol_new() checks flags
 		 */
-		if (!nodelist && !flags)
-			err = 0;
-		if (*mode == MPOL_DEFAULT)
+		if (nodelist)
 			goto out;
-		/* else MPOL_LOCAL */
-		*mode = MPOL_PREFERRED;
-		nodes_clear(*policy_nodes);
+		mode = MPOL_PREFERRED;
 		break;
+
+	/*
+	 * case MPOL_BIND:    mpol_new() enforces non-empty nodemask.
+	 * case MPOL_DEFAULT: mpol_new() enforces empty nodemask, ignores flags.
+	 */
 	}
 
-	*mode_flags = 0;
+	mode_flags = 0;
 	if (flags) {
 		/*
 		 * Currently, we only support two mutually exclusive
 		 * mode flags.
 		 */
 		if (!strcmp(flags, "static"))
-			*mode_flags |= MPOL_F_STATIC_NODES;
+			mode_flags |= MPOL_F_STATIC_NODES;
 		else if (!strcmp(flags, "relative"))
-			*mode_flags |= MPOL_F_RELATIVE_NODES;
+			mode_flags |= MPOL_F_RELATIVE_NODES;
 		else
 			err = 1;
 	}
+
+	new = mpol_new(mode, mode_flags, &nodes);
+	if (IS_ERR(new))
+		err = 1;
+	else if (no_context)
+		new->w.user_nodemask = nodes;	/* save for contextualization */
+
 out:
 	/* Restore string for error message */
 	if (nodelist)
 		*--nodelist = ':';
 	if (flags)
 		*--flags = '=';
+	if (!err)
+		*mpol = new;
 	return err;
 }
 #endif /* CONFIG_TMPFS */
 
-/*
+/**
+ * mpol_to_str - format a mempolicy structure for printing
+ * @buffer:  to contain formatted mempolicy string
+ * @maxlen:  length of @buffer
+ * @pol:  pointer to mempolicy to be formatted
+ * @no_context:  "context free" mempolicy - use nodemask in w.user_nodemask
+ *
  * Convert a mempolicy into a string.
  * Returns the number of characters in buffer (if positive)
  * or an error (negative)
  */
-int mpol_to_str(char *buffer, int maxlen, struct mempolicy *pol)
+int mpol_to_str(char *buffer, int maxlen, struct mempolicy *pol, int no_context)
 {
 	char *p = buffer;
 	int l;
@@ -2100,7 +2131,10 @@ int mpol_to_str(char *buffer, int maxlen, struct mempolicy *pol)
 	case MPOL_BIND:
 		/* Fall through */
 	case MPOL_INTERLEAVE:
-		nodes = pol->v.nodes;
+		if (no_context)
+			nodes = pol->w.user_nodemask;
+		else
+			nodes = pol->v.nodes;
 		break;
 
 	default:
@@ -2231,7 +2265,7 @@ int show_numa_map(struct seq_file *m, void *v)
 		return 0;
 
 	pol = get_vma_policy(priv->task, vma, vma->vm_start);
-	mpol_to_str(buffer, sizeof(buffer), pol);
+	mpol_to_str(buffer, sizeof(buffer), pol, 0);
 	mpol_cond_put(pol);
 
 	seq_printf(m, "%08lx %s", vma->vm_start, buffer);
diff --git a/mm/shmem.c b/mm/shmem.c
index 3c620dc10135..e6d9298aa22a 100644
--- a/mm/shmem.c
+++ b/mm/shmem.c
@@ -1079,23 +1079,29 @@ static int shmem_writepage(struct page *page, struct writeback_control *wbc)
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
 #ifdef CONFIG_TMPFS
-static void shmem_show_mpol(struct seq_file *seq, unsigned short mode,
-			unsigned short flags, const nodemask_t policy_nodes)
+static void shmem_show_mpol(struct seq_file *seq, struct mempolicy *mpol)
 {
-	struct mempolicy temp;
 	char buffer[64];
 
-	if (mode == MPOL_DEFAULT)
+	if (!mpol || mpol->mode == MPOL_DEFAULT)
 		return;		/* show nothing */
 
-	temp.mode = mode;
-	temp.flags = flags;
-	temp.v.nodes = policy_nodes;
-
-	mpol_to_str(buffer, sizeof(buffer), &temp);
+	mpol_to_str(buffer, sizeof(buffer), mpol, 1);
 
 	seq_printf(seq, ",mpol=%s", buffer);
 }
+
+static struct mempolicy *shmem_get_sbmpol(struct shmem_sb_info *sbinfo)
+{
+	struct mempolicy *mpol = NULL;
+	if (sbinfo->mpol) {
+		spin_lock(&sbinfo->stat_lock);	/* prevent replace/use races */
+		mpol = sbinfo->mpol;
+		mpol_get(mpol);
+		spin_unlock(&sbinfo->stat_lock);
+	}
+	return mpol;
+}
 #endif /* CONFIG_TMPFS */
 
 static struct page *shmem_swapin(swp_entry_t entry, gfp_t gfp,
@@ -1135,8 +1141,7 @@ static struct page *shmem_alloc_page(gfp_t gfp,
 }
 #else /* !CONFIG_NUMA */
 #ifdef CONFIG_TMPFS
-static inline void shmem_show_mpol(struct seq_file *seq, unsigned short policy,
-			unsigned short flags, const nodemask_t policy_nodes)
+static inline void shmem_show_mpol(struct seq_file *seq, struct mempolicy *p)
 {
 }
 #endif /* CONFIG_TMPFS */
@@ -1154,6 +1159,13 @@ static inline struct page *shmem_alloc_page(gfp_t gfp,
 }
 #endif /* CONFIG_NUMA */
 
+#if !defined(CONFIG_NUMA) || !defined(CONFIG_TMPFS)
+static inline struct mempolicy *shmem_get_sbmpol(struct shmem_sb_info *sbinfo)
+{
+	return NULL;
+}
+#endif
+
 /*
  * shmem_getpage - either get the page from swap or allocate a new one
  *
@@ -1508,8 +1520,8 @@ shmem_get_inode(struct super_block *sb, int mode, dev_t dev)
 		case S_IFREG:
 			inode->i_op = &shmem_inode_operations;
 			inode->i_fop = &shmem_file_operations;
-			mpol_shared_policy_init(&info->policy, sbinfo->policy,
-					sbinfo->flags, &sbinfo->policy_nodes);
+			mpol_shared_policy_init(&info->policy,
+						 shmem_get_sbmpol(sbinfo));
 			break;
 		case S_IFDIR:
 			inc_nlink(inode);
@@ -1523,8 +1535,7 @@ shmem_get_inode(struct super_block *sb, int mode, dev_t dev)
 			 * Must not load anything in the rbtree,
 			 * mpol_free_shared_policy will not be called.
 			 */
-			mpol_shared_policy_init(&info->policy, MPOL_DEFAULT, 0,
-						NULL);
+			mpol_shared_policy_init(&info->policy, NULL);
 			break;
 		}
 	} else
@@ -2139,8 +2150,7 @@ static int shmem_parse_options(char *options, struct shmem_sb_info *sbinfo,
 			if (*rest)
 				goto bad_val;
 		} else if (!strcmp(this_char,"mpol")) {
-			if (mpol_parse_str(value, &sbinfo->policy,
-					 &sbinfo->flags, &sbinfo->policy_nodes))
+			if (mpol_parse_str(value, &sbinfo->mpol, 1))
 				goto bad_val;
 		} else {
 			printk(KERN_ERR "tmpfs: Bad mount option %s\n",
@@ -2191,9 +2201,9 @@ static int shmem_remount_fs(struct super_block *sb, int *flags, char *data)
 	sbinfo->free_blocks = config.max_blocks - blocks;
 	sbinfo->max_inodes  = config.max_inodes;
 	sbinfo->free_inodes = config.max_inodes - inodes;
-	sbinfo->policy      = config.policy;
-	sbinfo->flags	    = config.flags;
-	sbinfo->policy_nodes = config.policy_nodes;
+
+	mpol_put(sbinfo->mpol);
+	sbinfo->mpol        = config.mpol;	/* transfers initial ref */
 out:
 	spin_unlock(&sbinfo->stat_lock);
 	return error;
@@ -2214,8 +2224,7 @@ static int shmem_show_options(struct seq_file *seq, struct vfsmount *vfs)
 		seq_printf(seq, ",uid=%u", sbinfo->uid);
 	if (sbinfo->gid != 0)
 		seq_printf(seq, ",gid=%u", sbinfo->gid);
-	shmem_show_mpol(seq, sbinfo->policy, sbinfo->flags,
-			sbinfo->policy_nodes);
+	shmem_show_mpol(seq, sbinfo->mpol);
 	return 0;
 }
 #endif /* CONFIG_TMPFS */
@@ -2245,9 +2254,7 @@ static int shmem_fill_super(struct super_block *sb,
 	sbinfo->mode = S_IRWXUGO | S_ISVTX;
 	sbinfo->uid = current->fsuid;
 	sbinfo->gid = current->fsgid;
-	sbinfo->policy = MPOL_DEFAULT;
-	sbinfo->flags = 0;
-	sbinfo->policy_nodes = node_states[N_HIGH_MEMORY];
+	sbinfo->mpol = NULL;
 	sb->s_fs_info = sbinfo;
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_TMPFS